[专栏]为什么我们应该要读《唐吉诃德》？
[中英文稿]:
[站内视频链接/4种字幕
]:
[中英文稿]:
Mounting his skinny steed,
骑上他皮包骨的骏马，
the protagonist of Don Quixote
主人翁唐吉诃德
charges an army of giants.
冲向巨人军团。
In his eyes, it is his duty
在他眼中，他的责任是
to vanquish these behemoths
要击败这些巨兽，
in the name of his beloved lady, Dulcinea.
且要以他的挚爱杜尔西内娅之名。
However, this act of valor is ill conceived.
然而，这个英勇之举的构想很拙劣。
As his squire Sancho Panza explains to him
他的侍从桑丘潘萨向他再三解释，
time and again, these aren’t giants;
没有巨人存在；
they are merely windmills.
那些只是风车。
Don Quixote is undeterred,
唐吉诃德不受影响，
but his piercing lance
但他的长矛
is soon caught in their sails.
很快就被风车翼给打断。
Never discouraged,
这位骑士从来不气馁，
the knight stands proudly, and becomes
骄傲地站着，
even more convinced of his mission.
反而更相信这是他的使命。
This sequence encapsulates
这个桥段包含了许多
much of what is loved about Don Quixote,
《唐吉诃德》最为人所爱的特点，
the epic, illogical, and soulful tale of
这本史诗故事，尽管不合逻辑但很有感情，
Alonso Quijano,
讲述阿隆索·吉哈诺的故事，
who becomes the clumsy but valiant
他变成了笨拙却英勇的
Don Quixote of la Mancha, known as
“曼查的唐吉诃德”，
the Knight of the Sorrowful Countenance.
为人所知的“愁容骑士”。
Originally published in two volumes,
最早出版时有两册，
the narrative follows Don Quixote
故事开始于唐吉诃德
as he travels through central and northern Spain
穿越西班牙中部和北部的旅行，
fighting the forces of evil.
一路上对抗邪恶势力。
Despite Don Quixote’s lofty imagination,
尽管唐吉诃德的想像力很高，
his creator, Miguel de Cervantes,
他的创作者，米格尔德塞凡提斯，
could never have imagined his book would
从来没有想像过他的书
become the best-selling novel of all time.
会成为史上最热卖的小说。
Barring 5 years as a soldier,
塞凡提斯当了五年的士兵，
and 5 more enslaved by pirates,
又被海盗给奴役了五年，
Cervantes spent most of his life
他的人生大部分时间
as a struggling poet and playwright.
都是个挣扎的诗人和剧作家。
It wasn’t until his late 50’s
一直到快要六十岁时，
that he published his greatest creation:
他最伟大的创作才出版：
an epic satire of chivalry novels.
一部讽刺骑士道小说的史诗作品。
At this time,
此时，
medieval books chronicling the adventures
记载了骑士的冒险
of knights and their moral code
及其道德规范的中世纪书籍
dominated European culture.
主宰了欧洲的文化。
While Cervantes was a fan,
塞凡提斯虽然是这类书迷，
he was weary of these repetitive tomes,
但他也厌倦了这些不断重覆的书，
which focused more on listing heroic feats
重点都比较是在列出英勇功绩，
than character development.
而不是角色发展。
To challenge them, he wrote Don Quixote,
为了挑战这些书，他写了《唐吉诃德》，
the story of a hidalgo, or idle nobleman,
故事主角是个无所事事的西班牙贵族，
who spends his days and nights
他不分昼夜
reading chivalry novels.
都在阅读骑士道小说。
Driven mad by these stories,
这些故事让他发了疯，
he fashions himself a champion for the downtrodden.
他把自己塑造成为受压迫者而战的斗士。
Everyone in his village
他村中的每个人
tries to convince him to give up his lunacy,
都试着说服他放弃他的愚蠢行为，
going so far as to burn some of the
甚至做到烧毁了他个人图书馆中
lurid books in his personal library.
一些骇人听闻的书籍。
But Don Quixote is unstoppable.
但没人能阻挡唐吉诃德。
He dresses up in old shining armor,
他穿戴上古老的闪亮盔甲，
mounts his skinny horse,
骑上他那匹皮包骨的马，
and leaves his village in search of glory.
离开了他的村落，去追寻荣耀。
Cervantes’ novel
塞凡提斯的小说
unfolds as a collection of episodes
是以一系列事件的方式呈现，
detailing the mishaps of the valiant knight.
详细刻画了这位英勇骑士的不幸。
Yet unlike the chivalry books
但，和骑士道书籍不同，
and perhaps all other prior fiction,
可能也和所有其他先前的小说不同，
Cervantes’ story deeply investigates
塞凡提斯的故事深入探究了
the protagonist’s inner life.
主人翁的内在生活。
Don Quixote matures as the narrative develops,
随着故事发展，唐吉诃德也渐渐成熟，
undergoing a noticeable transformation.
经历了重要的转变。
This literary revelation
这种文学揭示性，
has led many scholars to call Don Quixote
导致许多学者把《唐吉诃德》称为
the first modern novel.
第一部现代小说。
And this character development
这种角色发展
doesn’t happen in isolation.
并不是单独发生的。
Early on, Don Quixote is joined
早先，有位由村民转任的侍从
by a villager-turned-squire
加入唐吉诃德，
named Sancho Panza.
名叫桑丘潘萨。
Sancho and Don Quixote
研究认为，
are a study in opposites:
桑丘潘萨和唐吉诃德是完全相反的：
with one as the grounded realist
一个是踏实的现实主义者，
to the other’s idealism.
一个是理想主义者。
Their lively, evolving friendship is often credited
他们生动的友谊不断演变，这段关系被誉为
as the original hero and sidekick duo,
最早的英雄和搭挡二人组，
inspiring centuries of fictional partnerships.
是后来数百年小说中伙伴关系的灵感来源。
Don Quixote was a huge success.
《唐吉诃德》是很大的成功。
Numerous editions were published across Europe
在十七世纪时，
in the seventeenth century.
欧洲各地出版了许多版本。
Even in the Americas,
甚至风行到美洲，
where the Church banned all novels
在美洲，教堂禁止所有小说，
for being sinful distractions,
因为小说是罪恶的分心之物，
audiences were known to enjoy pirated editions.
读者看的都是盗版。
The book was so well received that
这本书很受好评，
readers clamored for more.
读者吵着想要看更多。
After a rival author attempted to cash in
在一位竞争对手作家试图
on a fake follow-up, Cervantes released
用假的续集来赚钱之后，
the official sequel in response.
塞凡提斯推出了官方续集做为回应。
Now published alongside the first volume
现在续集和第一册一起发行，
as a completed text, this second volume picks up
成为完整的文本，
where the original left off,
第二册接续第一册没讲完的故事，
only now Don Quixote and Sancho have become folk heroes.
差别只在于，现在唐吉诃德和桑丘已经成为了民间英雄。
Just as in real-life, Cervantes included
和真实人生一样，塞凡提斯把他小说的成功
his novel’s success in the world of his characters.
放入了他的角色的世界里。
This unconventional meta-awareness
这种不因循守旧的元认知
created philosophical complexity,
随着骑士与他的侍从思考着
as the knight and his squire ponder
他们的故事的意义，
the meaning of their story.
创造出了哲学式的复杂性。
Unfortunately, Cervantes had sold
不幸的是，塞凡提斯
the book’s publishing rights for very little.
低价卖出这本书的版权。
He died rich in fame alone.
他过世时，只有名声上的富足。
But his treatise on the power of creativity
但他用创造力所写出的论述
and individualism has inspired
以及个人主义，
art,
启发了艺术、
literature,
文学、
popular culture,
流行文化，
and even political revolution.
甚至政治上的改革。
Don Quixote argues
唐吉诃德主张，
that our imagination greatly informs our actions,
我们的行为大部分是基于我们的想像力，
making us capable of change,
想像力让我们能够改变，
and, indeed, making us human.
也确实，让我们成为人类。
[内部视频链接]:
https://www.bilibili.com/video/av35674297/
------------------
微信公共号平台在当天
同步更新其内容，还有音频下载链接
英文文稿.[专栏有的也有]
查收（保存下方二维码至相册，微信扫一扫即可关注微信公共号）. 英文文稿
微信公共号搜索：TEDPush演讲，即可关注
[站内视频链接/4种字幕
]:
[中英文稿]:
Mounting his skinny steed,
骑上他皮包骨的骏马，
the protagonist of Don Quixote
主人翁唐吉诃德
charges an army of giants.
冲向巨人军团。
In his eyes, it is his duty
在他眼中，他的责任是
to vanquish these behemoths
要击败这些巨兽，
in the name of his beloved lady, Dulcinea.
且要以他的挚爱杜尔西内娅之名。
However, this act of valor is ill conceived.
然而，这个英勇之举的构想很拙劣。
As his squire Sancho Panza explains to him
他的侍从桑丘潘萨向他再三解释，
time and again, these aren’t giants;
没有巨人存在；
they are merely windmills.
那些只是风车。
Don Quixote is undeterred,
唐吉诃德不受影响，
but his piercing lance
但他的长矛
is soon caught in their sails.
很快就被风车翼给打断。
Never discouraged,
这位骑士从来不气馁，
the knight stands proudly, and becomes
骄傲地站着，
even more convinced of his mission.
反而更相信这是他的使命。
This sequence encapsulates
这个桥段包含了许多
much of what is loved about Don Quixote,
《唐吉诃德》最为人所爱的特点，
the epic, illogical, and soulful tale of
这本史诗故事，尽管不合逻辑但很有感情，
Alonso Quijano,
讲述阿隆索·吉哈诺的故事，
who becomes the clumsy but valiant
他变成了笨拙却英勇的
Don Quixote of la Mancha, known as
“曼查的唐吉诃德”，
the Knight of the Sorrowful Countenance.
为人所知的“愁容骑士”。
Originally published in two volumes,
最早出版时有两册，
the narrative follows Don Quixote
故事开始于唐吉诃德
as he travels through central and northern Spain
穿越西班牙中部和北部的旅行，
fighting the forces of evil.
一路上对抗邪恶势力。
Despite Don Quixote’s lofty imagination,
尽管唐吉诃德的想像力很高，
his creator, Miguel de Cervantes,
他的创作者，米格尔德塞凡提斯，
could never have imagined his book would
从来没有想像过他的书
become the best-selling novel of all time.
会成为史上最热卖的小说。
Barring 5 years as a soldier,
塞凡提斯当了五年的士兵，
and 5 more enslaved by pirates,
又被海盗给奴役了五年，
Cervantes spent most of his life
他的人生大部分时间
as a struggling poet and playwright.
都是个挣扎的诗人和剧作家。
It wasn’t until his late 50’s
一直到快要六十岁时，
that he published his greatest creation:
他最伟大的创作才出版：
an epic satire of chivalry novels.
一部讽刺骑士道小说的史诗作品。
At this time,
此时，
medieval books chronicling the adventures
记载了骑士的冒险
of knights and their moral code
及其道德规范的中世纪书籍
dominated European culture.
主宰了欧洲的文化。
While Cervantes was a fan,
塞凡提斯虽然是这类书迷，
he was weary of these repetitive tomes,
但他也厌倦了这些不断重覆的书，
which focused more on listing heroic feats
重点都比较是在列出英勇功绩，
than character development.
而不是角色发展。
To challenge them, he wrote Don Quixote,
为了挑战这些书，他写了《唐吉诃德》，
the story of a hidalgo, or idle nobleman,
故事主角是个无所事事的西班牙贵族，
who spends his days and nights
他不分昼夜
reading chivalry novels.
都在阅读骑士道小说。
Driven mad by these stories,
这些故事让他发了疯，
he fashions himself a champion for the downtrodden.
他把自己塑造成为受压迫者而战的斗士。
Everyone in his village
他村中的每个人
tries to convince him to give up his lunacy,
都试着说服他放弃他的愚蠢行为，
going so far as to burn some of the
甚至做到烧毁了他个人图书馆中
lurid books in his personal library.
一些骇人听闻的书籍。
But Don Quixote is unstoppable.
但没人能阻挡唐吉诃德。
He dresses up in old shining armor,
他穿戴上古老的闪亮盔甲，
mounts his skinny horse,
骑上他那匹皮包骨的马，
and leaves his village in search of glory.
离开了他的村落，去追寻荣耀。
Cervantes’ novel
塞凡提斯的小说
unfolds as a collection of episodes
是以一系列事件的方式呈现，
detailing the mishaps of the valiant knight.
详细刻画了这位英勇骑士的不幸。
Yet unlike the chivalry books
但，和骑士道书籍不同，
and perhaps all other prior fiction,
可能也和所有其他先前的小说不同，
Cervantes’ story deeply investigates
塞凡提斯的故事深入探究了
the protagonist’s inner life.
主人翁的内在生活。
Don Quixote matures as the narrative develops,
随着故事发展，唐吉诃德也渐渐成熟，
undergoing a noticeable transformation.
经历了重要的转变。
This literary revelation
这种文学揭示性，
has led many scholars to call Don Quixote
导致许多学者把《唐吉诃德》称为
the first modern novel.
第一部现代小说。
And this character development
这种角色发展
doesn’t happen in isolation.
并不是单独发生的。
Early on, Don Quixote is joined
早先，有位由村民转任的侍从
by a villager-turned-squire
加入唐吉诃德，
named Sancho Panza.
名叫桑丘潘萨。
Sancho and Don Quixote
研究认为，
are a study in opposites:
桑丘潘萨和唐吉诃德是完全相反的：
with one as the grounded realist
一个是踏实的现实主义者，
to the other’s idealism.
一个是理想主义者。
Their lively, evolving friendship is often credited
他们生动的友谊不断演变，这段关系被誉为
as the original hero and sidekick duo,
最早的英雄和搭挡二人组，
inspiring centuries of fictional partnerships.
是后来数百年小说中伙伴关系的灵感来源。
Don Quixote was a huge success.
《唐吉诃德》是很大的成功。
Numerous editions were published across Europe
在十七世纪时，
in the seventeenth century.
欧洲各地出版了许多版本。
Even in the Americas,
甚至风行到美洲，
where the Church banned all novels
在美洲，教堂禁止所有小说，
for being sinful distractions,
因为小说是罪恶的分心之物，
audiences were known to enjoy pirated editions.
读者看的都是盗版。
The book was so well received that
这本书很受好评，
readers clamored for more.
读者吵着想要看更多。
After a rival author attempted to cash in
在一位竞争对手作家试图
on a fake follow-up, Cervantes released
用假的续集来赚钱之后，
the official sequel in response.
塞凡提斯推出了官方续集做为回应。
Now published alongside the first volume
现在续集和第一册一起发行，
as a completed text, this second volume picks up
成为完整的文本，
where the original left off,
第二册接续第一册没讲完的故事，
only now Don Quixote and Sancho have become folk heroes.
差别只在于，现在唐吉诃德和桑丘已经成为了民间英雄。
Just as in real-life, Cervantes included
和真实人生一样，塞凡提斯把他小说的成功
his novel’s success in the world of his characters.
放入了他的角色的世界里。
This unconventional meta-awareness
这种不因循守旧的元认知
created philosophical complexity,
随着骑士与他的侍从思考着
as the knight and his squire ponder
他们的故事的意义，
the meaning of their story.
创造出了哲学式的复杂性。
Unfortunately, Cervantes had sold
不幸的是，塞凡提斯
the book’s publishing rights for very little.
低价卖出这本书的版权。
He died rich in fame alone.
他过世时，只有名声上的富足。
But his treatise on the power of creativity
但他用创造力所写出的论述
and individualism has inspired
以及个人主义，
art,
启发了艺术、
literature,
文学、
popular culture,
流行文化，
and even political revolution.
甚至政治上的改革。
Don Quixote argues
唐吉诃德主张，
that our imagination greatly informs our actions,
我们的行为大部分是基于我们的想像力，
making us capable of change,
想像力让我们能够改变，
and, indeed, making us human.
也确实，让我们成为人类。
[内部视频链接]:
https://www.bilibili.com/video/av35674297/
------------------
微信公共号平台在当天
同步更新其内容，还有音频下载链接
英文文稿.[专栏有的也有]
查收（保存下方二维码至相册，微信扫一扫即可关注微信公共号）. 英文文稿
微信公共号搜索：TEDPush演讲，即可关注
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